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Vol. 10, Issue 5, 1595-1608, May 1999
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, The Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2196
In a screen for genes expressed in the Drosophila
embryonic salivary gland, we identified a tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase
gene that maps to cytological position 85D (WRS-85D).
WRS-85D expression is dependent on the homeotic gene
Sex combs reduced (Scr). In the absence
of Scr function, WRS-85D expression is
lost in the salivary gland primordia; conversely, ectopic expression of
Scr results in expression of WRS-85D in
new locations. Despite the fact that WRS-85D is a
housekeeping gene essential for protein synthesis, we detected both
WRS-85D mRNA and protein at elevated levels in the
developing salivary gland. WRS-85D is required for embryonic survival; embryos lacking the maternal contribution were
unrecoverable, whereas larvae lacking the zygotic component died during
the third instar larval stage. We showed that recombinant WRS-85D
protein specifically charges tRNATrp, and
WRS-85D is likely to be the only tryptophanyl-tRNA
synthetase gene in Drosophila. We characterized the
expression patterns of all 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and found that
of the four aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase genes expressed at elevated
levels in the salivary gland primordia, WRS-85D is
expressed at the highest level throughout embryogenesis. We also
discuss the potential noncanonical activities of tryptophanyl-tRNA
synthetase in immune response and regulation of cell growth.
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