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Vol. 10, Issue 8, 2647-2654, August 1999
Departments of Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, The Scripps
Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
The gene ptc4+ encodes one of four type
2C protein phosphatases (PP2C) in the fission yeast
Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Deletion of
ptc4+ is not lethal; however,
ptc4 cells grow slowly in defined minimal medium and
undergo premature growth arrest in response to nitrogen starvation.
Interestingly,
ptc4 cells are unable to fuse vacuoles in response to hypotonic stress or nutrient starvation. Conversely, Ptc4 overexpression appears to induce vacuole fusion. These
findings reveal a hitherto unrecognized function of type 2C protein
phosphatases: regulation of vacuole fusion. Ptc4 localizes in vacuole
membranes, which suggests that Ptc4 regulates vacuole fusion by
dephosphorylation of one or more proteins in the vacuole membrane.
Vacuole function is required for the process of autophagy that is
induced by nutrient starvation; thus, the vacuole defect of
ptc4 cells might explain why these cells undergo
premature growth arrest in response to nitrogen starvation.
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