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Vol. 11, Issue 11, 3937-3947, November 2000
¶
*Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington,
Baltimore, Maryland 21210; Caenorhabditis elegans has a single lamin gene,
designated lmn-1 (previously termed CeLam-1). Antibodies
raised against the lmn-1 product (Ce-lamin) detected a
64-kDa nuclear envelope protein. Ce-lamin was detected in the nuclear
periphery of all cells except sperm and was found in the nuclear
interior in embryonic cells and in a fraction of adult cells.
Reductions in the amount of Ce-lamin protein produce embryonic
lethality. Although the majority of affected embryos survive to produce
several hundred nuclei, defects can be detected as early as the first
nuclear divisions. Abnormalities include rapid changes in nuclear
morphology during interphase, loss of chromosomes, unequal separation
of chromosomes into daughter nuclei, abnormal condensation of
chromatin, an increase in DNA content, and abnormal distribution of
nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). Under conditions of incomplete RNA
interference, a fraction of embryos escaped embryonic arrest and
continue to develop through larval life. These animals exhibit
additional phenotypes including sterility and defective segregation of
chromosomes in germ cells. Our observations show that
lmn-1 is an essential gene in C. elegans, and that the nuclear lamins are involved in chromatin organization, cell cycle progression, chromosome segregation, and correct spacing of NPCs.
Department of Genetics, The
Life Sciences Institute, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem
91904, Israel; §Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck
Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen D-37077, Germany;
Department of Physiology, Hadassah Medical School, The
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
These authors contributed equally to
the work described in this manuscript.
¶
Corresponding author. E-mail address:
gru{at}vms.huji.ac.il
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