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Vol. 11, Issue 12, 4117-4130, December 2000

*Department of Molecular Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville,
Tennessee 37235; and Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk) are essential for promoting the
initiation of DNA replication, presumably by phosphorylating key
regulatory proteins that are involved in triggering the G1/S transition. Human Cdc6 (HsCdc6), a protein required for initiation of
DNA replication, is phosphorylated by Cdk in vitro and in vivo. Here we
report that HsCdc6 with mutations at potential Cdk phosphorylation sites was poorly phosphorylated in vitro by Cdk, but retained all other
biochemical activities of the wild-type protein tested. Microinjection
of mutant HsCdc6 proteins into human cells blocked initiation of DNA
replication or slowed S phase progression. The inhibitory effect of
mutant HsCdc6 was lost at the G1/S transition, indicating that
phosphorylation of HsCdc6 by Cdk is critical for a late step in
initiation of DNA replication in human cells.
Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center,
Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6838
Corresponding author. E-mail
address: fannine{at}ctrvax.vanderbilt.edu.
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