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Vol. 11, Issue 12, 4323-4337, December 2000


and
§
*Biodesign Research Group, Institute of Physical and Chemical
Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan;
The nuclear lamina is an important determinant of nuclear
architecture. Mutations in A-type but not B-type lamins cause a range
of human genetic disorders, including muscular dystrophy. Dominant
mutations in nuclear lamin proteins have been shown to disrupt a
preformed lamina structure in Xenopus egg extracts. Here, a series of deletion mutations in lamins A and B1 were evaluated for their ability to disrupt lamina structure in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Deletions of either the lamin A "head" domain
or the C-terminal CaaX domain formed intranuclear aggregates and resulted in the disruption of endogenous lamins A/C but not lamins B1/B2. By contrast, "head-less" lamin B1 localized to the nuclear rim with no detectable effect on endogenous lamins, whereas lamin B1
CaaX domain deletions formed intranuclear aggregates, disrupting endogenous lamins A/C but not lamins B1/B2. Filter binding assays revealed that a head/CaaX domain lamin B1 mutant interacted much more
strongly with lamins A/C than with lamins B1/B2. Regulated induction of
this mutant in stable cell lines resulted in the rapid elimination of
all detectable lamin A protein, whereas lamin C was trapped in a
soluble form within the intranuclear aggregates. In contrast to results
in Xenopus egg extracts, dominant negative lamin B1 (but
not lamin A) mutants trapped replication proteins involved in both the
initiation and elongation phases of replication but did not effect
cellular growth rates or the assembly of active replication centers. We
conclude that elimination of the CaaX domain in lamin B1 and
elimination of either the CaaX or head domain in lamin A constitute
dominant mutations that can disrupt A-type but not B-type lamins,
highlighting important differences in the way that A- and B-type lamins
are integrated into the lamina.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Durham,
Durham City, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom; and
Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York
Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210
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