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Vol. 11, Issue 12, 4393-4401, December 2000

Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rho2p GTPase Regulates Cell Wall -Glucan Biosynthesis through the Protein Kinase Pck2p

Teresa M. Calonge,^* Kentaro Nakano, Manuel Arellano,^* Ritsuko Arai, Satoshi Katayama,^§ Takashi Toda,^§ Issei Mabuchi, and Pilar Perez^*#

 ^*Instituto de Microbiología Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Departamental, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;  Division of Biology, Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan;  ^§Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, WC2A 3PX London, United Kingdom; and  Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan

Schizosaccharomyces pombe rho1⁺ and rho2⁺ genes are involved in the control of cell morphogenesis, cell integrity, and polarization of the actin cytoskeleton. Although both GTPases interact with each of the two S. pombe protein kinase C homologues, Pck1p and Pck2p, their functions are distinct from each other. It is known that Rho1p regulates (1,3)-D-glucan synthesis both directly and through Pck2p. In this paper, we have investigated Rho2p signaling and show that pck2 and rho2 strains display similar defects with regard to cell wall integrity, indicating that they might be in the same signaling pathway. We also show that Rho2 GTPase regulates the synthesis of -D-glucan, the other main structural polymer of the S. pombe cell wall, primarily through Pck2p. Although overexpression of rho2⁺ in wild-type or pck1 cells is lethal and causes morphological alterations, actin depolarization, and an increase in -D-glucan biosynthesis, all of these effects are suppressed in a pck2 strain. In addition, genetic interactions suggest that Rho2p and Pck2p are important for the regulation of Mok1p, the major (1-3)-D-glucan synthase. Thus, a rho2 mutation, like pck2, is synthetically lethal with mok1-664, and the mutant partially fails to localize Mok1p to the growing areas. Moreover, overexpression of mok1⁺ in rho2 cells causes a lethal phenotype that is completely different from that of mok1⁺ overexpression in wild-type cells, and the increase in -glucan is considerably lower. Taken together, all of these results indicate the presence of a signaling pathway regulating -glucan biosynthesis in which the Rho2p GTPase activates Pck2p, and this kinase in turn controls Mok1p.

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Present address: Laboratory of Cell Cycle, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, WC2A 3PX London, UK.

^# Corresponding author. E-mail address: piper@gugu.usal.

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Molecular Biology of the Cell
Vol. 11, 4393-4401, December 2000
Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Cell Biology

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