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Vol. 11, Issue 2, 647-661, February 2000
State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Syracuse, New York 13210
Aip3p/Bud6p is a regulator of cell and cytoskeletal polarity in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae that was previously identified
as an actin-interacting protein. Actin-interacting protein 3 (Aip3p) localizes at the cell cortex where cytoskeleton assembly must be
achieved to execute polarized cell growth, and deletion of AIP3 causes gross defects in cell and cytoskeletal
polarity. We have discovered that Aip3p localization is mediated by the
secretory pathway. Mutations in early- or late-acting components of the secretory apparatus lead to Aip3p mislocalization. Biochemical data
show that a pool of Aip3p is associated with post-Golgi secretory vesicles. An investigation of the sequences within Aip3p necessary for
Aip3p localization has identified a sequence within the N terminus of
Aip3p that is sufficient for directing Aip3p localization. Replacement
of the N terminus of Aip3p with a homologous region from a
Schizosaccharomyces pombe protein allows for normal
Aip3p localization, indicating that the secretory pathway-mediated
Aip3p localization pathway is conserved. Delivery of Aip3p also
requires the type V myosin motor Myo2p and its regulatory light-chain
calmodulin. These data suggest that one function of calmodulin is to
activate Myo2p's activity in the secretory pathway; this function is
likely the polarized movement of late secretory vesicles and associated Aip3p on actin cables.
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