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Vol. 11, Issue 4, 1169-1181, April 2000
Section of Microbiology, University of California, Davis,
California 95616
In response to oxidative stress, eukaryotic cells induce
transcription of genes required for detoxification of oxidants. Here we
present evidence that oxidative stress stimuli are transmitted by a
multistep phosphorelay system to the Spc1/Sty1
stress-activated protein kinase in the fission yeast
Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The fission yeast
mpr1+ gene encodes a novel protein with a
histidine-containing phosphotransfer domain homologous to the budding
yeast Ypd1. Spc1 activation upon oxidative stress is severely impaired
in the
mpr1 mutant as well as in the
mpr1HQ strain, in which the putative phosphorylation site Mpr1-His221 is substituted with glutamine. In response to oxidative stress, Mpr1 binds to the Mcs4 response regulator that functions upstream of the Spc1 cascade, suggesting that Mcs4 is a
cognate response regulator for Mpr1. Unexpectedly, when exposed to
hydrogen peroxide,
mpr1 cells can induce the catalase
gene ctt1+, one of the transcriptional
targets of the Spc1 pathway, and survive oxidative stress in the
absence of significant Spc1 activation. We have found that Pap1, a bZIP
transcription factor homologous to human c-Jun, can mediate induction
of ctt1+ expression upon oxidative stress
independently of the Spc1 stress-activated protein kinase. These
studies show that oxidative stress stimuli are transmitted by multiple
pathways to induce specific gene expression.
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