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Vol. 11, Issue 5, 1535-1546, May 2000
Division of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
Although homologues of the yeast checkpoint kinases Cds1 and Chk1
have been identified in various systems, the respective roles of these
kinases in the responses to damaged and/or unreplicated DNA in
vertebrates have not been delineated precisely. Likewise, it is largely
unknown how damaged DNA and unreplicated DNA trigger the pathways that
contain these effector kinases. We report that Xenopus
Cds1 (Xcds1) is phosphorylated and activated by the presence of some
simple DNA molecules with double-stranded ends in cell-free Xenopus egg extracts. Xcds1 is not affected by
aphidicolin, an agent that induces DNA replication blocks. In contrast,
Xenopus Chk1 (Xchk1) responds to DNA replication blocks
but not to the presence of double-stranded DNA ends. Immunodepletion of
Xcds1 (and/or Xchk1) from egg extracts did not attenuate the cell cycle delay induced by double-stranded DNA ends. These results imply that the
cell cycle delay triggered by double-stranded DNA ends either does not
involve Xcds1 or uses a factor(s) that can act redundantly with Xcds1.
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