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Originally published as MBC in Press, 10.1091/mbc.01-08-0420 on January 18, 2002
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Vol. 13, Issue 1, 119-133, January 2002

Localization of Large ADP-Ribosylation Factor-Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors to Different Golgi Compartments: Evidence for Distinct Functions in Protein Traffic

Xinhua Zhao, Troy K.R. Lasell, and Paul Melan&ccjs0745;on*

Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada

Activation of several ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) regulates recruitment of coat proteins (COPs) on the Golgi complex and is generally assumed to be the target of brefeldin A (BFA). The large ARF-GEFs Golgi-specific BFA resistance factor 1 (GBF1) and BFA-inhibited GEFs (BIGs) localize to this organelle but catalyze exchange preferentially on class II and class I ARFs, respectively. We now demonstrate using quantitative confocal microscopy that these GEFs show a very limited overlap with each other (15 and 23%). In contrast, GBF1 colocalizes with the cis-marker p115 (86%), whereas BIGs overlap extensively with TGN38 (83%). Consistent with these distributions, GBF1, but not BIG1, partially relocalized to peripheral sites after incubation at 15°C. The new GBF1 structures represent peripheral vesicular tubular clusters (VTCs) because 88% of structures analyzed stained for both GBF1 and p115. Furthermore, as expected of VTCs, they rapidly reclustered to the Golgi complex in a microtubule-dependent manner upon warm-up. These observations suggest that GBF1 and BIGs activate distinct subclasses of ARFs in specific locations to regulate different types of reactions. In agreement with this possibility, COPI overlapped to a greater extent with GBF1 (64%) than BIG1 (31%), whereas clathrin showed limited overlap with BIG1, and virtually none with GBF1.


* Corresponding author. E-mail address: paul.melancon{at}ualberta.ca.


Molecular Biology of the Cell
Vol. 13, 119-133, January 2002
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Cell Biology



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