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Vol. 13, Issue 1, 134-145, January 2002
Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California,
Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-1700
The mechanism for apical growth during hyphal morphogenesis in
Candida albicans is unknown. Studies from
Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicate that cell
morphogenesis may involve cell cycle regulation by cyclin-dependent
kinase. To examine whether this is the mechanism for hyphal
morphogenesis, the temporal appearance of different spindle pole body
and spindle structures, the cell cycle-regulated rearrangements of the
actin cytoskeleton, and the phosphorylation state of the conserved
Tyr19 of Cdc28 during the cell cycle were compared and found to be
similar between yeast and serum-induced hyphal apical cells. These data
suggest that hyphal elongation is not mediated by altering cell cycle
progression or through phosphorylation of Tyr19 of Cdc28. We have also
shown that germ tubes can evaginate before spindle pole body
duplication, chitin ring formation, and DNA replication. Similarly,
tip-associated actin polarization in each hypha occurs before the
events of the G1/S transition and persists throughout the
cell cycle, whereas cell cycle-regulated actin assemblies come and go.
We have also shown that cells in phases other than G1 can
be induced to form hyphae. Hyphae induced from G1 cells
have no constrictions, and the first chitin ring is positioned in the
germ tube at various distances from the base. Hyphae induced from
budded cells have a constriction and a chitin ring at the bud neck,
beyond which the hyphae continue to elongate with no further
constrictions. Our data suggest that hyphal elongation and cell cycle
morphogenesis programs are uncoupled, and each contributes to different
aspects of cell morphogenesis.
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