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Vol. 13, Issue 1, 25-39, January 2002
and
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724
We previously characterized major components of mitotic chromosomes
assembled in Xenopus laevis egg extracts and
collectively referred to them as Xenopus
chromosome-associated polypeptides (XCAPs). They included five
subunits of the condensin complex essential for chromosome
condensation. In an effort to identify novel proteins involved in this
process, we have isolated XCAP-F and found it to be the
Xenopus ortholog of ISWI, a chromatin remodeling ATPase.
ISWI exists in two major complexes in Xenopus egg
extracts. The first complex contains ACF1 and two low-molecular-weight
subunits, most likely corresponding to Xenopus CHRAC.
The second complex is a novel one that contains the
Xenopus ortholog of the human Williams syndrome
transcription factor (WSTF). In the absence of the ISWI complexes, the
deposition of histones onto DNA is apparently normal, but the spacing
of nucleosomes is greatly disturbed. Despite the poor spacing of
nucleosomes, ISWI depletion has little effect on DNA replication,
chromosome condensation or sister chromatid cohesion in the cell-free
extracts. The association of ISWI with chromatin is cell cycle
regulated and is under the control of the INCENP-aurora B kinase
complex that phosphorylates histone H3 during mitosis. Apparently
contradictory to the generally accepted model, we find that neither
chromosome condensation nor chromosomal targeting of condensin is
compromised when H3 phosphorylation is drastically reduced by depletion
of INCENP-aurora B.
Corresponding author. E-mail address:
hirano{at}cshl.org.
Present addresses:
* Cyclacel, Dundee Technopole, James Lindsay Place,
Dundee, DD1 5JJ, Scotland, United Kingdom;
Department
of Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center,
1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030.
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