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Vol. 13, Issue 1, 251-261, January 2002
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
30602
Plants encode at least two ancient and divergent classes of actin,
reproductive and vegetative, and each class produces several subclasses
of actin isovariants. To gain insight into the functional significance
of the actin isovariants, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis lines that expressed a reproductive actin,
ACT1, under the control of the regulatory sequences of a vegetative
actin gene, ACT2. In the wild-type plants, ACT1 is
predominantly expressed in the mature pollen, growing pollen tubes, and
ovules, whereas ACT2 is constitutively and strongly expressed in all
vegetative tissues and organs, but not in pollen. Misexpression of ACT1
in vegetative tissues causes dwarfing of plants and altered morphology of most organs, and the effects are in direct proportion to protein expression levels. Similar overexpression of ACT2 has little effect. Immunolocalization of actin in leaf cells from transgenic plants with
highest levels of ACT1 protein revealed massive polymerization, bundling, and reorganization of actin filaments. This phenomenon suggests that misexpression of ACT1 isovariant in vegetative tissues affects the dynamics of actin and actin-associated proteins, in turn
disrupting the organization of actin cytoskeleton and normal development of plants.
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