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Vol. 13, Issue 10, 3466-3476, October 2002
Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution, Baltimore, Maryland
21210 (C.M., J.G.G.); and Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 (Z.W.,
R.G.R.)
We used immunofluorescence to study the distribution and targeting
of RNA polymerase (pol) III subunits and pol III transcription factors
in the Xenopus laevis oocyte nucleus. Antibodies against several of these proteins stained Cajal bodies and ~90 specific sites
on the lampbrush chromosomes. Some of the chromosomal sites had been
identified previously by in situ hybridization as the genes for 5S
rRNA. The remaining sites presumably encode tRNAs and other pol III
transcripts. Pol III sites were often resolvable as loops similar to
the much more abundant pol II loops, but without a matrix detectable by
phase contrast or differential interference contrast. This morphology
is consistent with the transcription of short repeated sequences.
Hemagglutinin-tagged transcripts encoding core subunits and
transcription factors were injected into the oocyte cytoplasm, and the
distribution of newly translated proteins inside the nucleus was
monitored by immunostaining. Cajal bodies were preferentially targeted
by these proteins, and in some cases the chromosomal sites were also
weakly stained. The existence of pol III subunits and pol III
transcription factors in Cajal bodies and their targeting to these
organelles are consistent with a model of Cajal bodies as sites for
preassembly of the nuclear transcription machinery.
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