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Vol. 13, Issue 2, 698-710, February 2002
§
*Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
Médicale U440-Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Institut du
Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France; and §Institut fur
Entwicklungsbiologie, Universität zu Köln, Köln,
D-50931, Germany
Stathmin is a ubiquitous regulatory phosphoprotein, the generic
element of a family of neural phosphoproteins in vertebrates that
possess the capacity to bind tubulin and interfere with microtubule dynamics. Although stathmin and the other proteins of the family have been associated with numerous cell regulations, their biological roles remain elusive, as in particular inactivation of the stathmin gene in the mouse resulted in no clear deleterious phenotype. We
identified stathmin phosphoproteins in
Drosophila, encoded by a unique gene sharing the
intron/exon structure of the vertebrate stathmin and
stathmin family genes. They interfere
with microtubule assembly in vitro, and in vivo when expressed in HeLa
cells. Drosophila stathmin expression is regulated
during embryogenesis: it is high in the migrating germ cells and in the
central and peripheral nervous systems, a pattern resembling that of
mammalian stathmin. Furthermore, RNA interference inactivation of
Drosophila stathmin expression resulted in germ cell
migration arrest at stage 14. It also induced important anomalies in
nervous system development, such as loss of commissures and
longitudinal connectives in the ventral cord, or abnormal chordotonal
neuron organization. In conclusion, a single Drosophila
gene encodes phosphoproteins homologous to the entire vertebrate
stathmin family. We demonstrate for the first time their direct
involvement in major biological processes such as development of the
reproductive and nervous systems.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Present addresses:
Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique Unité Mixte Recherche 144, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France;
Unité Mixte Recherche
7102 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université
Pierre et Marie Curie, Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, 9 quai
Saint Bernard, 75005 Paris, France.
¶
Corresponding author. E-mail address:
sobel{at}ifm.inserm.fr.
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