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Vol. 13, Issue 3, 1071-1082, March 2002


and
*University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Biochemistry,
Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, United
Kingdom; CD63 is a lysosomal membrane protein that belongs to the
tetraspanin family. Its carboxyterminal cytoplasmic tail sequence contains the lysosomal targeting motif GYEVM. Strong,
tyrosine-dependent interaction of the wild-type carboxyterminal tail of
CD63 with the AP-3 adaptor subunit µ3 was observed using a yeast
two-hybrid system. The strength of interaction of mutated tail
sequences with µ3 correlated with the degree of lysosomal
localization of similarly mutated human CD63 molecules in stably
transfected normal rat kidney cells. Mutated CD63 containing the
cytosolic tail sequence GYEVI, which interacted strongly with µ3 but
not at all with µ2 in the yeast two-hybrid system, localized to
lysosomes in transfected normal rat kidney and NIH-3T3 cells. In
contrast, it localized to the cell surface in transfected cells of
pearl and mocha mice, which have genetic
defects in genes encoding subunits of AP-3, but to lysosomes in
functionally rescued mocha cells expressing the
Department of Biology and Biochemistry,
University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom; and
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences,
University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
subunit of AP-3. Thus, AP-3 is absolutely required for the delivery of
this mutated CD63 to lysosomes. Using this AP-3-dependent mutant of
CD63, we have shown that AP-3 functions in membrane traffic from the
trans-Golgi network to lysosomes via an intracellular route that appears to bypass early endosomes.
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