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Originally published as MBC in Press, 10.1091/mbc.02-01-0600 on February 22, 2002
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Vol. 13, Issue 4, 1274-1281, April 2002

CD9 Is Associated with Leukemia Inhibitory Factor-mediated Maintenance of Embryonic Stem Cells

Masahiro Oka,* Kenichi Tagoku,* Thomas L. Russell,* Yuka Nakano,dagger Takashi Hamazaki,* Edwin M. Meyer,dagger Takashi Yokota,Dagger and Naohiro Terada*§

 *Department of Pathology, Program in Stem Cell Biology, Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610;  dagger Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610; and  Dagger Department of Stem Cell Regulation, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan

Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells can proliferate indefinitely in an undifferentiated state in the presence of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), or differentiate into all three germ layers upon removal of this factor. To determine cellular factors associated with self-renewal of undifferentiated ES cells, we used polymerase chain reaction-assisted cDNA subtraction to screen genes that are expressed in undifferentiated ES cells and down-regulated after incubating these cells in a differentiation medium without LIF for 48 h. The mRNA expression of a tetraspanin transmembrane protein, CD9, was high in undifferentiated ES cells and decreased shortly after cell differentiation. An immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that plasma membrane-associated CD9 was expressed in undifferentiated ES cells but low in the differentiated cells. Addition of LIF to differentiating ES cells reinduced mRNA expression of CD9, and CD9 expression was accompanied with a reappearance of undifferentiated ES cells. Furthermore, activation of STAT3 induced the expression of CD9, indicating the LIF/STAT3 pathway is critical for maintaining CD9 expression. Finally, addition of anti-CD9 antibody blocked ES cell colony formation and reduced cell viability. These results indicate that CD9 may play a role in LIF-mediated maintenance of undifferentiated ES cells.

§ Corresponding author. E-mail address: terada{at}pathology.ufl.edu.

Molecular Biology of the Cell
Vol. 13, 1274-1281, April 2002
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Cell Biology


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