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Vol. 13, Issue 6, 1929-1939, June 2002
§
**
Departments of *Biochemistry, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of death
worldwide. Using cDNA microarrays to characterize patterns of gene expression in HCC, we found consistent differences between the expression patterns in HCC compared with those seen in nontumor liver
tissues. The expression patterns in HCC were also readily distinguished
from those associated with tumors metastatic to liver. The global gene
expression patterns intrinsic to each tumor were sufficiently
distinctive that multiple tumor nodules from the same patient could
usually be recognized and distinguished from all the others in the
large sample set on the basis of their gene expression patterns alone.
The distinctive gene expression patterns are characteristic of the
tumors and not the patient; the expression programs seen in clonally
independent tumor nodules in the same patient were no more similar than
those in tumors from different patients. Moreover, clonally related
tumor masses that showed distinct expression profiles were also
distinguished by genotypic differences. Some features of the gene
expression patterns were associated with specific phenotypic and
genotypic characteristics of the tumors, including growth rate,
vascular invasion, and p53 overexpression.
Surgery,
¶Pathology, and @Genetics, and
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University
School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305; #Department
of Surgery, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; and Departments of
§Surgery and §§Pathology, The University of
Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
X.C. and S.T.C. contributed equally to this work.
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