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Vol. 15, Issue 6, 2834-2841, June 2004
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Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Box 351720, Seattle, Washington 98195-1720
Submitted January 22, 2004;
Revised March 16, 2004;
Accepted March 17, 2004
Monitoring Editor: Martin A. Schwartz
Endothelial cell survival and antiapoptotic pathways, including those stimulated by extracellular matrix, are critical regulators of vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, endothelial repair, and shear-stress-induced endothelial activation. One of these pathways is mediated by 
v
3 integrin ligation, downstream activation of nuclear factor-
B, and subsequent up-regulation of osteoprotegerin (OPG). In this study, the mechanism by which OPG protects endothelial cells from death was examined. Serum-starved human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs) plated on the v3 ligand osteopontin were protected from cell death. Immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that OPG formed a complex with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in HMECs under these conditions. Furthermore, inhibitors of TRAIL, including recombinant soluble TRAIL receptors and a neutralizing antibody against TRAIL, blocked apoptosis of serum-starved HMECs plated on the nonintegrin attachment factor poly-D-lysine. Whereas TRAIL was unable to induce apoptosis in HMECs plated on osteopontin, the addition of recombinant TRAIL did increase the percentage of apoptotic HMECs plated on poly-D-lysine. This evidence indicates that OPG blocks endothelial cell apoptosis through binding TRAIL and preventing its interaction with death-inducing TRAIL-receptors
* Corresponding author. E-mail address: ceci{at}u.washington.edu.
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