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Vol. 16, Issue 2, 861-870, February 2005

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ADAM12 and ₉₁ Integrin Are Instrumental in Human Myogenic Cell Differentiation

Peggy Lafuste ^*, Corinne Sonnet ^*, Bénédicte Chazaud ^*, Patrick A. Dreyfus ^*, Romain K. Gherardi ^* , Ulla M. Wewer , and François-Jérôme Authier ^*  

^* Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale EMI 0011, Faculty of Medicine, Paris XII University, Creteil 94010, France; Department of Pathology, Henri-Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, Creteil 94010, France; and Institute of Molecular Pathology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

Submitted March 17, 2004; Accepted November 16, 2004
Monitoring Editor: Richard Hynes

Knowledge on molecular systems involved in myogenic precursor cell (mpc) fusion into myotubes is fragmentary. Previous studies have implicated the a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family in most mammalian cell fusion processes. ADAM12 is likely involved in fusion of murine mpc and human rhabdomyosarcoma cells, but it requires yet unknown molecular partners to launch myogenic cell fusion. ADAM12 was shown able to mediate cell-to-cell attachment through binding ₉₁ integrin. We report that normal human mpc express both ADAM12 and ₉₁ integrin during their differentiation. Expression of ₉ parallels that of ADAM12 and culminates at time of fusion. ₉ and ADAM12 coimmunoprecipitate and participate to mpc adhesion. Inhibition of ADAM12/₉₁ integrin interplay, by either ADAM12 antisense oligonucleotides or blocking antibody to ₉₁, inhibited overall mpc fusion by 47–48%, with combination of both strategies increasing inhibition up to 62%. By contrast with blockade of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1/₄₁, which also reduced fusion, exposure to ADAM12 antisense oligonucleotides or anti-₉₁ antibody did not induce detachment of mpc from extracellular matrix, suggesting specific involvement of ADAM12–₉₁ interaction in the fusion process. Evaluation of the fusion rate with regard to the size of myotubes showed that both ADAM12 antisense oligonucleotides and ₉₁ blockade inhibited more importantly formation of large (5 nuclei) myotubes than that of small (2–4 nuclei) myotubes. We conclude that both ADAM12 and ₉₁ integrin are expressed during postnatal human myogenic differentiation and that their interaction is mainly operative in nascent myotube growth.

Corresponding author. E-mail address: authier{at}univ-paris12.fr.

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