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Vol. 16, Issue 3, 1232-1244, March 2005
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* Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Lipides et Membranes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 585, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, 69621 Villeurbanne, France;
Dipartimento di Istologia ed Embriologia Medica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia, Italy
Submitted June 8, 2004;
Revised December 10, 2004;
Accepted December 12, 2004
Monitoring Editor: Anne Ridley
We investigated the role of phospholipase D (PLD) and its product phosphatidic acid (PA) in myogenic differentiation of cultured L6 rat skeletal myoblasts. Arginine-vasopressin (AVP), a differentiation inducer, rapidly activated PLD in a Rho-dependent way, as shown by almost total suppression of activation by C3 exotoxin pretreatment. Addition of 1-butanol, which selectively inhibits PA production by PLD, markedly decreased AVP-induced myogenesis. Conversely, myogenesis was potentiated by PLD1b isoform overexpression but not by PLD2 overexpression, establishing that PLD1 is involved in this process. The expression of the PLD isoforms was differentially regulated during differentiation. AVP stimulation of myoblasts induced the rapid formation of stress fiber-like actin structures (SFLSs). 1-Butanol selectively inhibited this response, whereas PLD1b overexpression induced SFLS formation, showing that it was PLD dependent. Endogenous PLD1 was located at the level of SFLSs, and by means of an intracellularly expressed fluorescent probe, PA was shown to be accumulated along these structures in response to AVP. In addition, AVP induced a PLD-dependent neosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), which also was accumulated along actin fibers. These data support the hypothesis that PLD participates in myogenesis through PA- and PIP2-dependent actin fiber formation.
Abbreviations used: AVP, Arg8-vasopressin; PA, phosphatidic acid; PIP2, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate; PLD, phospholipase D; SFLS, stress fiber like structure; SRF, serum response factor.
Address correspondence to: Georges Némoz (georges.nemoz{at}insa-lyon.fr).
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