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Vol. 17, Issue 4, 1495-1502, April 2006

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Essay

Kiss-and-Coat and Compartment Mixing: Coupling Exocytosis to Signal Generation and Local Actin Assembly

Anna M. Sokac ^*, and William M. Bement 

^* Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544; Department of Zoology, Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI 53706

Submitted October 3, 2005; Revised December 20, 2005; Accepted January 18, 2006
Monitoring Editor: Benjamin Glick

Regulated exocytosis is thought to occur either by "full fusion," where the secretory vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane (PM) via a fusion pore that then dilates until the secretory vesicle collapses into the PM; or by "kiss-and-run," where the fusion pore does not dilate and instead rapidly reseals such that the secretory vesicle is retrieved almost fully intact. Here, we describe growing evidence for a third form of exocytosis, dubbed "kiss-and-coat," which is characteristic of a broad variety of cell types that undergo regulated exocytosis. Kiss-and-coat exocytosis entails prolonged maintenance of a dilated fusion pore and assembly of actin filament (F-actin) coats around the exocytosing secretory vesicles followed by direct retrieval of some fraction of the emptied vesicle membrane. We propose that assembly of the actin coats results from the union of the secretory vesicle membrane and PM and that this compartment mixing represents a general mechanism for generating local signals via directed membrane fusion.

Address correspondence to: William M. Bement (wmbement{at}wisc.edu).

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