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Vol. 17, Issue 6, 2799-2810, June 2006
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*Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2607; Razavi-Newman Center for Bioinformatics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037; and Department of Cell Biology, M. Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
Submitted May 23, 2005;
Revised March 30, 2006;
Accepted April 3, 2006
Monitoring Editor: Kerry Bloom
The genome of Tetrahymena thermophila contains 39 loci encoding NIMA-related kinases (NRKs), an extraordinarily large number for a unicellular organism. Evolutionary analyses grouped these sequences into several subfamilies, some of which have orthologues in animals, whereas others are protist specific. When overproduced, NRKs of three subfamilies caused rapid shortening of cilia. Ultrastructural studies revealed that each NRK triggered ciliary resorption by a distinct mechanism that involved preferential depolymerization of a subset of axonemal microtubules, at either the distal or proximal end. Overexpression of a kinase-inactive variant caused lengthening of cilia, indicating that constitutive NRK-mediated resorption regulates the length of cilia. Each NRK preferentially resorbed a distinct subset of cilia, depending on the location along the anteroposterior axis. We also show that normal Tetrahymena cells maintain unequal length cilia. We propose that ciliates used a large number of NRK paralogues to differentially regulate the length of specific subsets of cilia in the same cell.
The online version of this article contains supplemental material at MBC Online (http://www.molbiolcell.org).
Present address: Centre de Recherches de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, France.
Address correspondence to: Maria Jerka-Dziadosz ( dziadosz{at}nencki.gov.pl) or Jacek Gaertig (jgaertig{at}cb.uga.edu)
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