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Originally published as MBC in Press, 10.1091/mbc.E06-03-0187 on April 12, 2006

Vol. 17, Issue 7, 2882-2895, July 2006

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Cortactin Has an Essential and Specific Role in Osteoclast Actin AssemblyFormula

Shandiz Tehrani*, Roberta Faccio{dagger}, Indra Chandrasekar*, F. Patrick Ross{ddagger}, and John A. Cooper*

Departments of *Cell Biology and Physiology, {dagger}Orthopedic Surgery, and {ddagger}Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110

Submitted March 8, 2006; Accepted April 4, 2006
Monitoring Editor: Thomas Pollard

Osteoclasts are essential for bone dynamics and calcium homeostasis. The cells form a tight seal on the bone surface, onto which they secrete acid and proteases to resorb bone. The seal is associated with a ring of actin filaments. Cortactin, a c-Src substrate known to promote Arp2/3-mediated actin assembly in vitro, is expressed in osteoclasts and localizes to the sealing ring. To address the role of cortactin and actin assembly in osteoclasts, we depleted cortactin by RNA interference. Cortactin-depleted osteoclasts displayed a complete loss of bone resorption with no formation of sealing zones. On nonosteoid surfaces, osteoclasts flatten with a dynamic, actin-rich peripheral edge that contains podosomes, filopodia, and lamellipodia. Cortactin depletion led to a specific loss of podosomes, revealing a tight spatial compartmentalization of actin assembly. Podosome formation was restored in cortactin-depleted cells by expression of wild-type cortactin or a Src homology 3 point mutant of cortactin. In contrast, expression of a cortactin mutant lacking tyrosine residues phosphorylated by Src did not restore podosome formation. Cortactin was found to be an early component of the nascent podosome belt, along with dynamin, supporting a role for cortactin in actin assembly.

This was published online ahead of print in MBC in Press (http://www.molbiolcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1091/mbc.E06-03-0187) on April 12, 2006.

Formula The online version of this article contains supplemental material at MBC Online (http://www.molbiolcell.org).

Address correspondence to: John A. Cooper ( jcooper{at}wustl.edu)

Abbreviations used: FACS, fluorescence activated cell sorter; HS1, hematopoietic cell line-specific protein; MCSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MOI, multiplicity of infection; NFATc1, nuclear factor of activated T-cells c1; N-WASp, neuronal-WASp; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor {kappa}B ligand; RNAi, RNA interference; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; TRAP, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; WASp, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein.




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