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Vol. 18, Issue 6, 2072-2080, June 2007

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Multiple Translational Isoforms Give Functional Specificity to Serum- and Glucocorticoid-induced Kinase 1

Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510

Submitted October 31, 2006; Revised February 28, 2007; Accepted March 13, 2007
Monitoring Editor: J. Silvio Gutkind

Serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 is a ubiquitous kinase that regulates diverse processes such as ion transport and cell survival. We report that a single SGK1 mRNA produces isoforms with different N-termini owing to alternative translation initiation. The long isoforms, 49 and 47 kDa, are the most abundant, localize to the ER membrane, exhibit rapid turnover, their expression is decreased by ER stress, activate the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and translocate FoxO3a transcriptional factors from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The short isoforms, 45 and 42 kDa, localize to the cytoplasm and nucleus, exhibit long half-life and phosphorylate glycogen synthase kinase-3. The data indicate that activation of Sgk1 in different cellular compartments is key to providing functional specificity to Sgk1 signaling pathways. We conclude that the distinct properties and functional specialization of Sgk1 given by the N-terminus confer versatility of function while maintaining the same core kinase domain.

The online version of this article contains supplemental material at MBC Online (http://www.molbiolcell.org).

Address correspondence to: Cecilia M. Canessa (Cecilia.canessa{at}yale.edu).

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