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Vol. 19, Issue 9, 3616-3624, September 2008

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Polyubiquitylation of Histone H2B

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724

Submitted January 18, 2008; Revised May 6, 2008; Accepted June 5, 2008
Monitoring Editor: Thomas Sommer

Covalent modification of histones by ubiquitylation is a prominent epigenetic mark that features in a variety of chromatin-based events such as histone methylation, gene silencing, and repair of DNA damage. The prototypical example of histone ubiquitylation is that of histone H2B in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this case, attachment of ubiquitin to lysine 123 (K123) of H2B is important for regulation of both active and transcriptionally silent genes and participates in trans to signal methylation of histone H3. It is generally assumed that H2B is monoubiquitylated at K123 and that it is this single ubiquitin moiety that influences H2B function. To determine whether this assumption is correct, we have re-examined the ubiquitylation status of endogenous H2B in yeast. We find that, contrary to expectations, H2B is extensively polyubiquitylated. Polyubiquitylation of H2B appears to occur within the context of chromatin and is not associated with H2B destruction. There are at least two distinct modes of H2B polyubiquitylation: one that occurs at K123 and depends on the Rad6–Bre1 ubiquitylation machinery and another that occurs on multiple lysine residues and is catalyzed by an uncharacterized ubiquitin ligase(s). Interestingly, these ubiquitylation events are under the influence of different combinations of ubiquitin-specific proteases, suggesting that they have distinct biological functions. These results raise the possibility that some of the biological effects of ubiquitylation of H2B are exerted via ubiquitin chains, rather than a single ubiquitin group.

Address correspondence to: William P. Tansey (tansey{at}cshl.edu)

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				E. R. Foster and J. A. Downs Methylation of H3 K4 and K79 is not strictly dependent on H2B K123 ubiquitylation J. Cell Biol., March 9, 2009; 184(5): 631 - 638. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]