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Originally published as MBoC in Press, 10.1091/mbc.E09-03-0241 on September 2, 2009 Originally published as MBoC in Press, 10.1091/mbc.E09-03-0241 on August 26, 2009

Vol. 20, Issue 20, 4435-4443, October 15, 2009

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Sec22b Is a Negative Regulator of Phagocytosis in Macrophages

Kiyotaka Hatsuzawa, Hitoshi Hashimoto, Hiromi Hashimoto, Seisuke Arai, Taku Tamura, Arisa Higa-Nishiyama, and Ikuo Wada

Department of Cell Science, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan

Submitted March 25, 2009; Revised July 20, 2009; Accepted August 19, 2009
Monitoring Editor: Jean E. Gruenberg

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is proposed to be a membrane donor for phagosome formation. In support of this, we have previously shown that the expression level of syntaxin 18, an ER-localized SNARE protein, correlates with phagocytosis activity. To obtain further insights into the involvement of the ER in phagocytosis we focused on Sec22b, another ER-localized SNARE protein that is also found on phagosomal membranes. In marked contrast to the effects of syntaxin 18, we report here that phagocytosis was nearly abolished in J774 macrophages stably expressing mVenus-tagged Sec22b, without affecting the cell surface expression of the Fc receptor or other membrane proteins related to phagocytosis. Conversely, the capacity of the parental J774 cells for phagocytosis was increased when endogenous Sec22b expression was suppressed. Domain analyses of Sec22b revealed that the R-SNARE motif, a selective domain for forming a SNARE complex with syntaxin18 and/or D12, was responsible for the inhibition of phagocytosis. These results strongly support the ER-mediated phagocytosis model and indicate that Sec22b is a negative regulator of phagocytosis in macrophages, most likely by regulating the level of free syntaxin 18 and/or D12 at the site of phagocytosis.

This was published online ahead of print in MBC in Press (http://www.molbiolcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1091/mbc.E09-03-0241) on September 2, 2009.

Address correspondence to: Kiyotaka Hatsuzawa (hatsu{at}fmu.ac.jp).

Abbreviations used: ECL, enhanced chemiluminescence; EGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; i-SNARE, inhibitory SNARE; mVenus, monomeric Venus; SNAP-25, synaptosomal associated protein of 25 kDa; SNARE, soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor; TMD, transmembrane domain; VAMP, vesicle-associated membrane protein






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