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Vol. 8, Issue 12, 2487-2499, December 1997
Institut für Biochemie, Universität Stuttgart,
Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
In 1988 McCusker and Haber generated a series of mutants which are
resistant to the minimum inhibitory concentration of the protein
synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. These cycloheximide-resistant, temperature-sensitive (crl) mutants, in addition,
exhibited other pleiotropic phenotypes, e.g., incorrect response to
starvation, hypersensitivity against amino acid analogues, and other
protein synthesis inhibitors. Temperature sensitivity of one of these mutants, crl3-2, had been found to be suppressed by a
mutation, SCL1-1, which resided in an
-type subunit
of the 20S proteasome. We cloned the CRL3 gene by
complementation and found CRL3 to be identical to the
SUG1/CIM3 gene coding for a subunit of the 19S cap
complex of the 26S proteasome. Another mutation, crl21,
revealed to be allelic with the 20S proteasomal gene PRE3.
crl3-2 and crl21 mutant cells show significant
defects in proteasome-dependent proteolysis, whereas the
SCL1-1 suppressor mutation causes partial restoration
of crl3-2-induced proteolytic defects. Notably,
cycloheximide resistance was also detected for other proteolytically
deficient proteasome mutants (pre1-1,
pre2-1, pre3-1, pre4-1).
Moreover, proteasomal genes were found within genomic sequences of 9 of 13 chromosomal loci to which crl mutations had been
mapped. We therefore assume that most if not all crl
mutations reside in the proteasome and that phenotypes found are a
result of defective protein degradation.
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