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Vol. 9, Issue 7, 1873-1889, July 1998
and
*Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and
§Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is dimorphic and switches
from a yeast form to a pseudohyphal (PH) form when starved for
nitrogen. PH cells are elongated, bud in a unipolar manner, and invade
the agar substrate. We assessed the requirements for actin in mediating the dramatic morphogenetic events that accompany the transition to PH
growth. Twelve "alanine scan" alleles of the single yeast actin
gene (ACT1) were tested for effects on filamentation,
unipolar budding, agar invasion, and cell elongation. Some
act1 mutations affect all phenotypes, whereas others
affect only one or two aspects of PH growth. Tests of intragenic
complementation among specific act1 mutations support
the phenotypic evidence for multiple actin functions in filamentous
growth. We present evidence that interaction between actin and the
actin-binding protein fimbrin is important for PH growth and suggest
that association of different actin-binding proteins with actin
mediates the multiple functions of actin in filamentous growth.
Furthermore, characterization of cytoskeletal structure in wild type
and act1/act1 mutants indicates that PH cell
morphogenesis requires the maintenance of a highly polarized actin
cytoskeleton. Collectively, this work demonstrates that actin plays a
central role in fungal dimorphism.
Department of Genetics, Stanford University Medical
Center, Stanford, California 94305
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