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Evidence for the Presence of 5S rRNA in Mammalian Mitochondria

Paolo J. Magalhães,^* Antonio L. Andreu,^* and Eric A. Schon^*§

Departments of  ^*Neurology and  ^§Genetics and Development, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; and  Centre d'Investigaciones en Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomes contain two prokaryotic-like rRNAs, 12S and 16S, both encoded by mitochondrial DNA. As opposed to cytosolic ribosomes, however, these ribosomes are not thought to contain 5S rRNA. For this reason, it has been unclear whether 5S rRNA, which can be detected in mitochondrial preparations, is an authentic organellar species imported from the cytosol or is merely a copurifying cytosol-derived contaminant. We now show that 5S rRNA is tightly associated with highly purified mitochondrial fractions of human and rat cells and that 5S rRNA transcripts derived from a synthetic gene transfected transiently into human cells are both expressed in vivo and present in highly purified mitochondria and mitoplasts. We conclude that 5S rRNA is imported into mammalian mitochondria, but its function there still remains to be clarified.

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   Corresponding author: Department of Neurology, Room 4-431, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032. E-mail address: eas3{at}columbia.edu.
   Present address: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padua, Italy.

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