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A more recent version of this article appeared on February 1, 2004
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Submitted on June 23, 2003
Revised on September 4, 2003
Accepted on October 15, 2003
1 Misaki Marine Biological Station, University of Tokyo, Misaki, Miura, Kanagawa 238-0225, Japan
2 Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200
* Corresponding author. E-mail address: rsteinha{at}socrates.berkeley.edu.
Vesicle generation, recruitment and exocytosis are essential for repairing disruptions of cell membranes. The functions of nonmuscle myosin IIA and IIB in this exocytotic process of membrane repair were studied by the antisense technique. Knockdown of myosin IIB suppressed wound-induced exocytosis and the membrane resealing process. Knockdown of myosin IIA did not suppress exocytosis at an initial wound and had no inhibitory effect on the resealing at initial wounds but did inhibit the facilitated rate of resealing normally found at repeated wounds made at the same site. COS-7 cells, which lack myosin IIA, did not show the facilitated response of membrane resealing to a repeated wound. S91 melanoma cells, a mutant cell line lacking myosin Va, showed normal membrane resealing and normal facilitated responses. We concluded myosin IIB was required for exocytosis and therefore cell membrane repair itself, and that myosin IIA was required in facilitation of cell membrane repair at repeated wounds. Myosin IIB was primarily at the subplasmalemma cortex and myosin IIA was concentrated at the trans-Golgi network consistent with their distinct roles in vesicle trafficking in cell membrane repair.
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