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A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2004
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Submitted on May 14, 2004
Revised on September 2, 2004
Accepted on September 14, 2004
The Cell Microscopy Centre, Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
Monitoring Editor: Benjamin Glick
The anteroposterior and dorsoventral axes of the future embryo are specified within Drosophila oocytes by localizing gurken mRNA, which targets the secreted Gurken TGF-alpha synthesis and transport to the same site. A key question is whether gurken mRNA is targeted to a specialized exocytic pathway to achieve the polar deposition of the protein. Here, we show, by (immuno)electron microscopy, that the exocytic pathway in stage 9-10 Drosophila oocytes comprises thousand evenly distributed tER-Golgi units. Using Drosophila mutants, we show that it is the localization of gurken mRNA coupled to efficient sorting of Gurken out of the ER that determines which of the numerous equivalent tER-Golgi units are utilized for the protein transport and processing. The choice of tER-Golgi units by mRNA localization makes them independent of each other, and represents a nonconventional way, by which the oocyte implements polarised deposition of transmembrane/secreted proteins. We propose that this pretranslational mechanism could be a general way for targeted secretion in polarized cells, such as neurons.
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