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MBC in Press, published online ahead of print October 27, 2004
Mol. Biol. Cell 10.1091/mbc.E04-08-0679

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Submitted on August 9, 2004
Accepted on October 18, 2004

Critical Role of CRMP-associated Molecule CRAM for Filopodia and Growth Cone Development in Neurons

Azusa Hotta,* Ryoko Inatome,* Junichi Yuasa-Kawada,* Qingyu Qin,* Hirohei Yamamura,* and Shigeru Yanagi*{dagger}{ddagger}

*Division of Proteomics, Department of Genome Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; {dagger}Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japanese Science and Technology, Saitama 332, Japan

Monitoring Editor: Mark Ginsberg

Collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) have been implicated in signaling of axonal guidance including semaphorins. We have previously identified a unique member of this gene family, CRMP-associated molecule CRAM (CRMP-5) which is phylogenetically divergent from the other four CRMPs. In this study we have examined the distribution and function of CRAM in developing neurons. Immunohistochemical analysis showed accumulation of CRAM in the filopodia of growth cones. Experiments using cytochalasin D indicated that filopodial localization of CRAM was independent of filamentous actin. Overexpression of CRAM in neuronal cells significantly promoted filopodial growth and led to the formation of supernumerary growth cones, which acquired resistance to semaphorin-3A stimulation. Finally, knockdown of CRAM by using RNA interference blocked filopodial formation and revealed an aberrant morphology of growth cones. We propose that CRAM regulates filopodial dynamics and growth cone development, thereby restricting the response of growth cone to repulsive guidance cues.

{ddagger}Corresponding author. E-mail: syanagi{at}kobe-u.ac.jp




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