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MBC in Press, published online ahead of print November 3, 2004
Mol. Biol. Cell 10.1091/mbc.E04-08-0703

A more recent version of this article appeared on January 1, 2005
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Submitted on August 16, 2004
Accepted on October 25, 2004

Analysis of a Spindle Pole Body Mutant Reveals a Defect in Bi-orientation and Illuminates Spindle Forces

Tennessee J. Yoder,*{dagger} Mark A. McElwain,* Susan E. Francis,* Joy Bagley,*{dagger} Eric G.D. Muller,* Brian Pak,{ddagger} Eileen T. O’Toole,{ddagger} Mark Winey,{ddagger} and Trisha N. Davis*{dagger}{sect}

*Department of Biochemistry and {dagger}Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195; {ddagger}Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309

Monitoring Editor: Tim Stearns

The spindle pole body (SPB) is the microtubule organizing center in S. cerevisiae. An essential task of the SPB is to ensure assembly of the bipolar spindle, which requires a proper balancing of forces on the microtubules and chromosomes. The SPB component Spc110p connects the ends of the spindle microtubules to the core of the SPB. We previously reported the isolation of a mutant allele spc110-226 that causes broken spindles and SPB disintegration thirty minutes after spindle formation. By live cell imaging of mutant cells with GFP-Tub1p or Spc97p-GFP we show that spc110-226 mutant cells have early defects in spindle assembly. Short spindles form but do not advance to the 1.5 µm stage and frequently collapse. Kinetochores are not arranged properly in the mutant cells. In 70% of the cells, no stable biorientation occurs and all kinetochores are associated with only one SPB. Examination of the SPB remnants by EM tomography and fluorescence microscopy revealed that the Spc110-226p/calmodulin complex is stripped off of the central plaque of the SPB and coalesces to from a nucleating structure in the nucleoplasm. The central plaque components Spc42p and Spc29p remain behind in the nuclear envelope. The delamination is likely due to a perturbed interaction between Spc42p and Spc110-226p as detected by FRET analysis. We suggest that the force exerted on the SPB by biorientation of the chromosomes pulls the Spc110-226p out of the SPB; removal of force exerted by coherence of the sister chromatids reduced fragmentation fourfold. Removal of the forces exerted by the cytoplasmic microtubules had no effect on fragmentation. Our results provide insights into the relative contributions of the kinetochore and cytoplasmic microtubules to the forces involved in formation of a bipolar spindle.

{sect}Corresponding author. E-mail: tdavis{at}u.washington.edu






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