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MBC in Press, published online ahead of print July 19, 2005
Mol. Biol. Cell 10.1091/mbc.E05-03-0231

A more recent version of this article appeared on October 1, 2005
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Submitted on March 18, 2005
Revised on June 30, 2005
Accepted on July 8, 2005

SCAMP2 Interacts with Arf6 and Phospholipase D1 and Links Their Function to Exocytotic Fusion Pore Formation in PC12 Cells

Lixia Liu,*{dagger} Haini Liao,*{dagger} Anna Castle,* Jie Zhang,* James Casanova,* Gabor Szabo,{ddagger} and David Castle*

Departments of *Cell Biology and {ddagger}Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908

Monitoring Editor: Benjamin Glick

SNAP receptor (SNARE) mediated fusion is regarded as a core event in exocytosis. Exocytosis is supported by other proteins that set up SNARE interactions between secretory vesicle and plasma membranes or facilitate fusion pore formation. Secretory carrier membrane proteins (SCAMPs) are candidate proteins for functioning in these events. In neuroendocrine PC12 cells, SCAMP2 colocalizes on the cell surface with three other proteins required for dense-core vesicle exocytosis -phospholipase D1 (PLD1), the small GTPase Arf6, and Arf6 guanine nucleotide exchange protein ARNO. Arf6 and PLD1 coimmunoprecipitate (coIP) with SCAMP2. These associations have been implicated in exocytosis by observing enhanced coIP of Arf6 with SCAMP2 following cell depolarization and in the presence of GTP{gamma}S and by inhibition of coIP by a SCAMP-derived peptide that inhibits exocytosis. The peptide also suppresses PLD activity associated with exocytosis. Using amperometry to analyze exocytosis, we show that expression of a point mutant of SCAMP2 that exhibits decreased association with Arf6 and of mutant Arf6 deficient in activating PLD1 have the same inhibitory effects on early events in membrane fusion. However, mutant SCAMP2 also uniquely inhibits fusion pore dilation. Thus SCAMP2 couples Arf6-stimulated PLD activity to exocytosis and links this process to formation of fusion pores.

*These authors contributed equally to this work.

Address correspondence to: David Castle (jdc4r{at}virginia.edu)




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