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A more recent version of this article appeared on June 1, 2006 Originally published as MBC in Press, 10.1091/mbc.E05-05-0450 on April 26, 2006
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Submitted on May 23, 2005
Revised on March 30, 2006
Accepted on April 3, 2006
*Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2607; Razavi-Newman Center for Bioinformatics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037; Department of Cell Biology, M. Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
Monitoring Editor: Kerry Bloom
The genome of Tetrahymena thermophila contains 39 loci encoding NIMA-related kinases (NRKs), an extraordinarily large number for a unicellular organism. Evolutionary analyses grouped these sequences into several subfamilies, some of which have orthologues in animals, while others are protist-specific. When overproduced, NRKs of 3 subfamilies caused rapid shortening of cilia. Ultrastructural studies revealed that each NRK triggered ciliary resorption by a distinct mechanism that involved preferential depolymerization of a subset of axonemal microtubules, at either the distal or proximal end. Overexpression of a kinase-inactive variant caused lengthening of cilia, indicating that constitutive NRK-mediated resorption regulates the length of cilia. Each NRK preferentially resorbed a distinct subset of cilia, depending on the location along the antero-posterior axis. We also show that normal Tetrahymena cells maintain unequal length cilia. We propose that ciliates utilized a large number of NRK paralogs to differentially regulate the length of specific subsets of cilia in the same cell.
Present address: Centre de Recherches de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, France.
Address correspondence to:
Maria-Jerka Dziadosz (dziadosz{at}nencki.gov.pl) or Jacek Gaertig (jgaertig{at}cb.uga.edu)
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