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MBC in Press, published online ahead of print February 15, 2006
Mol. Biol. Cell 10.1091/mbc.E05-10-0997

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Submitted on October 31, 2005
Revised on January 17, 2006
Accepted on February 6, 2006

Function of the Neuron-specific Alternatively Spliced Isoforms of Nonmuscle Myosin II-B during Mouse Brain Development

Xuefei Ma, Sachiyo Kawamoto, Jorge Uribe, and Robert S. Adelstein

Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892

Monitoring Editor: Erika Holzbaur

We report that the alternatively spliced isoforms of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-B (NHMC II-B) play distinct roles during mouse brain development. The B1-inserted isoform of NMHC II-B, which contains an insert of 10 amino acids near the ATP-binding region (loop 1) of the myosin heavy chain, is involved in normal migration of facial neurons. In contrast, the B2-inserted isoform, which contains an insert of 21 amino acids near the actin-binding region (loop 2) is important for postnatal development of cerebellar Purkinje cells. Deletion of the B1 alternative exon, together with reduced expression of myosin II-B, results in abnormal migration and consequent protrusion of facial neurons into the fourth ventricle. This protrusion is associated with the development of hydrocephalus. Restoring the amount of myosin II-B expression to wild-type levels prevents these defects, showing the importance of total myosin activity in facial neuron migration. In contrast, deletion of the B2 alternative exon results in abnormal development of cerebellar Purkinje cells. Cells lacking the B2-inserted isoform show reduced numbers of dendritic spines and branches. Some of the B2-ablated Purkinje cells are misplaced in the cerebellar molecular layer. All of the B2-ablated mice demonstrated impaired motor coordination.

Address correspondence to: Robert S. Adelstein (AdelsteR{at}nhlbi.nih.gov)




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