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MBC in Press, published online ahead of print May 3, 2006
Mol. Biol. Cell 10.1091/mbc.E05-12-1118

A more recent version of this article appeared on July 1, 2006
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Submitted on December 8, 2005
Revised on April 21, 2006
Accepted on April 24, 2006

Dynein-dependent Motility of Microtubules and Nucleation Sites Supports Polarization of the Tubulin Array in the Fungus Ustilago maydis

Gero Fink and Gero Steinberg

Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, D-35043 Marburg, Germany

Monitoring Editor: Yixian Zheng

Microtubules (MTs) are often organized by a nucleus-associated MT organizing center (MTOC). In addition, in neurons and epithelial cells motor-based transport of assembled MTs determines the polarity of the MT array. Here we show that MT motility participates in MT organization in the fungus Ustilago maydis. In budding cells most MTs are nucleated by 3-6 small and motile {gamma}-tubulin-containing MTOCs at the boundary of mother and daughter cell, which results in a polarized MT array. In addition, free MTs and MTOCs move rapidly throughout the cytoplasm. Disruption of MTs with benomyl and subsequent washout led to an equal distribution of the MTOC and random formation of highly motile and randomly oriented MTs throughout the cytoplasm. Within 3 min MTOCs returned to the neck region and the polarized MT array was reestablished. MT motility and polarity of the MT array was lost in dynein mutants, indicating that dynein-based transport of MTs and MTOCs polarizes the MT cytoskeleton. Observation of GFP-tagged dynein indicated that this is achieved by off-loading dynein from the plus-ends of motile MTs. We propose that MT organization in U. maydis involves dynein-mediated motility of MTs and nucleation sites.

Address correspondence to: Gero Steinberg (Gero.Steinberg{at}staff.uni-marburg.de)




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