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A more recent version of this article appeared on July 1, 2006
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Submitted on January 27, 2006
Revised on April 6, 2006
Accepted on April 10, 2006
*Department of Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; Department of Cell Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
Monitoring Editor: Akihiko Nakano
The ER contains both cisternal and reticular elements in one contiguous structure. We identified rtn1
in a systematic screen for yeast mutants with altered ER morphology. The ER in rtn1 cells is predominantly cisternal rather than reticular, yet the net surface area of ER is not significantly changed. Rtn1-GFP associates with the reticular ER at the cell cortex and with the tubules that connect the cortical ER to the nuclear envelope, but not with the nuclear envelope itself. Rtn1p overexpression also results in an altered ER structure. Rtn proteins are found on the ER in a wide range of eukaryotes and are defined by two membrane-spanning domains flanking a conserved hydrophilic loop. Our results suggest that Rtn proteins may direct the formation of reticulated ER. We independently identified Rtn1p in a proteomic screen for proteins associated with the exocyst vesicle tethering complex. The conserved hydophilic loop of Rtn1p binds to the exocyst subunit Sec6p. Overexpression of this loop results in a modest accumulation of secretory vesicles suggesting impaired exocyst function. The interaction of Rtn1p with the exocyst at the bud tip may trigger the formation of a cortical ER network in yeast buds.
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