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A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2006
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Submitted on July 3, 2006
Revised on August 14, 2006
Accepted on September 22, 2006
*Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada; Center for Genetics and Development, Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
Monitoring Editor: Trisha Davis
The assembly and maintenance of cilia requires intraflagellar transport (IFT), a microtubule-dependent bidirectional motility of multisubunit protein complexes along ciliary axonemes. Defects in IFT and the functions of motile or sensory cilia are associated with numerous human ailments, including polycystic kidney disease and Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS). Here, we identify a novel Caenorhabditis elegans IFT gene, ifta-1 (IFT-Associated gene 1), which encodes a WD-repeat containing protein with strong homology to a mammalian protein of unknown function. Both the C. elegans and human IFTA-1 proteins localize to the base of cilia, and in C. elegans, IFTA-1 can be observed to undergo IFT. IFTA-1 is required for the function and assembly of cilia, since a C. elegans ifta-1 mutant displays chemosensory abnormalities and shortened cilia with prominent ciliary accumulations of core IFT machinery components that are indicative of retrograde transport defects. Analyses of C. elegans IFTA-1 localization/motility along bbs mutant cilia, where anterograde IFT assemblies are destabilised, and in a che-11 IFT gene mutant, demonstrate that IFTA-1 is closely associated with the IFT particle A subcomplex, which is implicated in retrograde IFT. Taken together, our data indicates that IFTA-1 is a novel IFT protein that is required for retrograde transport along ciliary axonemes.
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