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A more recent version of this article appeared on August 1, 2007
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Submitted on September 27, 2006
Revised on May 7, 2007
Accepted on May 17, 2007
*Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9039;
A&G Pharmaceutical Inc., Columbia, MD 21045;
Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203
Monitoring Editor: Vivek Malhotra
Mono-ADP-ribosylation is emerging as an important post-translational modification that modulates a variety of cell signaling pathways. Here we present evidence that mono-ADP-ribosylation of the transcriptional corepressor CtBP1/BARS regulates neutral lipid storage in droplets that are surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipid and associated proteins. CtBP1/BARS is a NAD binding protein that becomes ribosylated when cells are exposed to Brefeldin A (BFA). Both endogenous lipid droplets and droplets enlarged by oleate treatment are lost after 12 h exposure to BFA. Lipid loss requires new protein synthesis and is blocked by multiple ribosylation inhibitors but is not stimulated by disruption of the Golgi apparatus or the ER unfolded protein response. siRNA knockdown of CtBP1/BARS mimics the effect of BFA, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from embryos that are deficient in CtBP1/BARS appear to be defective in lipid accumulation. We conclude that mono-ADP-ribosylation of CtBP1/BARS inactivates its repressor function, which leads to the activation of genes that regulate neutral lipid storage.
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