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A more recent version of this article appeared on February 1, 2002
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Submitted on June 21, 2001
Revised on October 12, 2001
Accepted on November 2, 2001
1 Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
2 Division of Geographic Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
3 Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, and Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
4 Department of Biology, 305 Goddard Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
5 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
* Corresponding author. E-mail address: droos{at}mail.sas.upenn.edu.
The phylum apicomplexa includes thousands of species of obligate intracellular parasites, many of which are significant human and/or animal pathogens. Parasites in this phylum replicate by assembling daughters within the mother, using a cytoskeletal and membranous scaffolding termed the inner membrane complex. Most apicomplexan parasites, including Plasmodium sp. (which cause malaria), package many daughters within a single mother during mitosis, whereas Toxoplasma gondii typically packages only two. The comparatively simple pattern of T. gondii cell division, combined with its molecular genetic and cell biological accessibility, makes this an ideal system to study parasite cell division. A recombinant fusion between the fluorescent protein reporter YFP and the inner membrane complex protein IMC1 has been exploited to examine daughter scaffold formation in T. gondii. Time-lapse video microscopy permits the entire cell cycle of these parasites to be visualized in vivo. In addition to replication via endodyogeny (packaging two parasites at a time), T. gondii is also capable of forming multiple daughters, suggesting fundamental similarities between cell division in T. gondii and other apicomplexan parasites.
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