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Originally published as MBC in Press, 10.1091/mbc.02-05-0083 on August 6, 2002
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Vol. 13, Issue 10, 3576-3587, October 2002

Subcellular Recruitment of Fibrillarin to Nucleoplasmic Proteasomes: Implications for Processing of a Nucleolar Autoantigen

Min Chen,* Thomas Rockel,* Gabriele Steinweger,* Peter Hemmerich,dagger Jakob Risch,Dagger and Anna von Mikecz*§

 *Junior Research Group of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Health Research, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany;  dagger Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Jena, Germany; and  Dagger Computing Center, Technical University, Aachen, Germany

A prerequisite for proteins to interact in a cell is that they are present in the same intracellular compartment. Although it is generally accepted that proteasomes occur in both, the cytoplasm and the nucleus, research has been focusing on cytoplasmic protein breakdown and antigen processing, respectively. Thus, little is known on the functional organization of the proteasome in the nucleus. Here we report that within the nucleus 20S and 26S proteasomes occur throughout the nucleoplasm and partially colocalize with splicing factor-containing speckles. Because proteasomes are absent from the nucleolus, a recruitment system was used to analyze the molecular fate of nucleolar protein fibrillarin: Subtoxic concentrations of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) induce subcellular redistribution of fibrillarin and substantial colocalization (33%) with nucleoplasmic proteasomes in different cell lines and in primary cells isolated from mercury-treated mice. Accumulation of fibrillarin and fibrillarin-ubiquitin conjugates in lactacystin-treated cells suggests that proteasome-dependent processing of this autoantigen occurs upon mercury induction. The latter observation might constitute the cell biological basis of autoimmune responses that specifically target fibrillarin in mercury-mouse models and scleroderma.

§ Corresponding author. E-mail address: mikecz{at}uni-duesseldorf.de.

Molecular Biology of the Cell
Vol. 13, 3576-3587, October 2002
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Cell Biology


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