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Vol. 16, Issue 4, 1735-1743, April 2005

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Isoform-specific Subcellular Localization among 14-3-3 Proteins in Arabidopsis Seems to be Driven by Client Interactions

Department of Horticultural Sciences, Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611

Submitted September 25, 2004; Revised January 7, 2005; Accepted January 11, 2005
Monitoring Editor: Carl-Henrik Heldin

In most higher eukaryotes, the predominantly phosphoprotein-binding 14-3-3 proteins are the products of a multigene family, with many organisms having 10 or more family members. However, current models for 14-3-3/phosphopeptide interactions suggest that there is little specificity among 14-3-3s for diverse phosphopeptide clients. Therefore, the existence of sequence diversity among 14-3-3s within a single organism begs questions regarding the in vivo specificities of the interactions between the various 14-3-3s and their clients. Chief among those questions is, Do the different 14-3-3 isoforms interact with different clients within the same cell? Although the members of the Arabidopsis 14-3-3 family of proteins typically contain highly conserved regions of sequence, they also display distinctive variability with deep evolutionary roots. In the current study, a survey of several Arabidopsis 14-3-3/GFP fusions revealed that 14-3-3s demonstrate distinct and differential patterns of subcellular distribution, by using trichomes and stomate guard cells as in vivo experimental cellular contexts. The effects of client interaction on 14-3-3 localization were further analyzed by disrupting the partnering with peptide and chemical agents. Results indicate that 14-3-3 localization is both isoform specific and highly dependent upon interaction with cellular clients.

Abbreviations used: GFP, green fluorescent protein.

The online version of this article contains supplemental material at MBC Online (www.molbiolcell.org).

Address correspondence to: Robert J. Ferl (robferl{at}ufl.edu).

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