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Originally published as MBC in Press, 10.1091/mbc.E07-09-0892 on February 20, 2008

Vol. 19, Issue 5, 1962-1975, May 2008

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Arp2 Links Autophagic Machinery with the Actin Cytoskeleton

Iryna Monastyrska*, Congcong He*, Jiefei Geng*, Adam D. Hoppe{dagger}, Zhijian Li{ddagger}, and Daniel J. Klionsky*

*Life Sciences Institute and Departments of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and Biological Chemistry, {dagger}Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and {ddagger}Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada

Submitted September 12, 2007; Revised February 1, 2008; Accepted February 8, 2008
Monitoring Editor: Benjamin Glick

Macroautophagy involves lysosomal/vacuolar elimination of long-lived proteins and entire organelles from the cytosol. The process begins with formation of a double-membrane vesicle that sequesters bulk cytoplasm, or a specific cargo destined for lysosomal/vacuolar delivery. The completed vesicle fuses with the lysosome/vacuole limiting membrane, releasing its content into the organelle lumen for subsequent degradation and recycling of the resulting macromolecules. A majority of the autophagy-related (Atg) proteins are required at the step of vesicle formation. The integral membrane protein Atg9 cycles between certain intracellular compartments and the vesicle nucleation site, presumably to supply membranes necessary for macroautophagic vesicle formation. In this study we have tracked the movement of Atg9 over time in living cells by using real-time fluorescence microscopy. Our results reveal that an actin-related protein, Arp2, briefly colocalizes with Atg9 and directly regulates the dynamics of Atg9 movement. We propose that proteins of the Arp2/3 complex regulate Atg9 transport for specific types of autophagy.

This was published online ahead of print in MBC in Press (http://www.molbiolcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1091/mbc.E07-09-0892) on February 20, 2008.

Address correspondence to: Daniel J. Klionsky (klionsky{at}umich.edu)

Abbreviations used: Atg, autophagy-related; Cvt, cytoplasm to vacuole targeting; GFP, green fluorescent protein; PAS, phagophore assembly site; prApe1, precursor aminopeptidase I; TR phalloidin, Texas Red-X phalloidin; ts, temperature sensitive.




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