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A more recent version of this article appeared on November 1, 2002
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Submitted on December 11, 2001
Revised on July 16, 2002
Accepted on July 25, 2002
1 Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Charles University, Vinicná 5, 12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic
2 Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CNRS 8541, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
3 Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Charles University, Vinic;ná 5, 12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic
* Corresponding author. E-mail address: zdenap{at}natur.cuni.cz.
On solid substrate, growing yeast colonies alternately acidify and alkalinise the medium. Using morphological, cytochemical, genetic and DNA microarray approaches we characterised six temporal steps in the "acid-to-alkali" colony transition. This transition is connected with the production of volatile ammonia acting as starvation signal between colonies. We present evidence that the three membrane proteins Ato1p, Ato2p and Ato3p, members of the YaaH family, are involved in ammonia production in S.cerevisiae colonies. The "acid-to-alkali" transition is connected with decrease of mitochondrial oxidative catabolism and by peroxisome activation, which in parallel with activation of biosynthetic pathways contribute to decrease the general stress level in colonies. These metabolic features characterise a novel survival strategy used by yeast under starvation conditions prevalent in nature.
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