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A more recent version of this article appeared on June 1, 2003
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Submitted on September 20, 2002
Revised on December 8, 2002
Accepted on January 30, 2003
1 Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033
2 Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033; and Laboratory for Developmental Genomics, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
* Corresponding author. E-mail address: myamamot{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Cohesin, which mediates sister chromatid cohesion, is composed of four subunits, named Scc1/Rad21, Scc3, Smc1 and Smc3 in yeast. Caenorhabditis elegans has a single homolog for each of Scc3, Smc1, and Smc3, but as many as four for Scc1/Rad21 (COH-1, SCC-1/COH-2, COH-3, and REC-8). Except for REC-8 required for meiosis, function of these C. elegans proteins remains largely unknown. Here we examined their possible involvement in mitosis and development. Embryos depleted of the homolog of either Scc3, or Smc1, or Smc3 by RNAi revealed a defect in mitotic chromosome segregation but not in chromosome condensation and cytokinesis. Depletion of SCC-1/COH-2 caused similar phenotypes. SCC-1/COH-2 was present in cells destined to divide. It localized to chromosomes in a cell-cycle dependent manner. Worms depleted of COH-1 arrested at either the late-embryonic or the larval stage, with no indication of mitotic dysfunction. COH-1 associated chromosomes throughout the cell cycle in all somatic cells undergoing late embryogenesis or larval development. Thus, SCC-1/COH-2 and the homologs of Scc3, Smc1 and Smc3 facilitate mitotic chromosome segregation during the development, presumably by forming a cohesin complex, whereas COH-1 appears to play a role important for development but unrelated to mitosis.
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