![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
A more recent version of this article appeared on May 1, 2004
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Submitted on December 19, 2003
Revised on February 20, 2004
Accepted on February 23, 2004
1 Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305 USA; Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
2 Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305 USA; Department of Biology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH, 45207 USA
3 Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305 USA
4 Department of Biochemistry and Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305 USA
* Corresponding author. E-mail address: theriot{at}stanford.edu.
Using a biochemically complex cytoplasmic extract to reconstitute actin-based motility of Listeria monocytogenes and polystyrene beads coated with the bacterial protein ActA, we have systematically varied a series of biophysical parameters and examined their effects on initiation of motility, particle speed, speed variability and path trajectory. Bead size had a profound effect on all aspects of motility, with increasing size causing slower, straighter movement and inhibited symmetry-breaking. Speed was also reduced by extract dilution, by addition of methylcellulose, and paradoxically by addition of excess skeletal muscle actin, but was enhanced by addition of nonmuscle (platelet) actin. Large, persistent individual variations in speed were observed for all conditions and their relative magnitude increased with extract dilution indicating that persistent alterations in particle surface properties may be responsible for intrinsic speed variations. Trajectory curvature was increased for smaller beads and also for particles moving in the presence of methylcellulose or excess skeletal muscle actin. Symmetry breaking and movement initiation occurred by two distinct modes: either stochastic amplification of local variation for small beads in concentrated extracts, or gradual accumulation of strain in the actin gel for large beads in dilute extracts. Neither mode was sufficient to enable spherical particles to break symmetry in the cytoplasm of living cells.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. J. Footer, J. K. Lyo, and J. A. Theriot Close Packing of Listeria monocytogenes ActA, a Natively Unfolded Protein, Enhances F-actin Assembly without Dimerization J. Biol. Chem., August 29, 2008; 283(35): 23852 - 23862. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. W. Shaevitz and D. A. Fletcher Load fluctuations drive actin network growth PNAS, October 2, 2007; 104(40): 15688 - 15692. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Footer, J. W. J. Kerssemakers, J. A. Theriot, and M. Dogterom Direct measurement of force generation by actin filament polymerization using an optical trap PNAS, February 13, 2007; 104(7): 2181 - 2186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. S. Soo and J. A. Theriot Adhesion controls bacterial actin polymerization-based movement PNAS, November 8, 2005; 102(45): 16233 - 16238. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Rafelski and J. A. Theriot Bacterial Shape and ActA Distribution Affect Initiation of Listeria monocytogenes Actin-Based Motility Biophys. J., September 1, 2005; 89(3): 2146 - 2158. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Bernheim-Groswasser, J. Prost, and C. Sykes Mechanism of Actin-Based Motility: A Dynamic State Diagram Biophys. J., August 1, 2005; 89(2): 1411 - 1419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. S. Soo and J. A. Theriot Large-Scale Quantitative Analysis of Sources of Variation in the Actin Polymerization-Based Movement of Listeria monocytogenes Biophys. J., July 1, 2005; 89(1): 703 - 723. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. T. Yam and J. A. Theriot Repeated Cycles of Rapid Actin Assembly and Disassembly on Epithelial Cell Phagosomes Mol. Biol. Cell, December 1, 2004; 15(12): 5647 - 5658. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Gerisch, T. Bretschneider, A. Muller-Taubenberger, E. Simmeth, M. Ecke, S. Diez, and K. Anderson Mobile Actin Clusters and Traveling Waves in Cells Recovering from Actin Depolymerization Biophys. J., November 1, 2004; 87(5): 3493 - 3503. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
