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A more recent version of this article appeared on July 1, 2004
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Submitted on January 21, 2004
Revised on April 29, 2004
Accepted on April 29, 2004
1*,
1 Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University Departments at the Vienna Biocenter, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. Bohrgasse 9/3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
* Corresponding author. E-mail address: zdravko.lorkovic{at}univie.ac.at.
Although early studies suggested that little compartmentalisation exists within the nucleus, more recent studies on metazoan systems have identified a still increasing number of specific subnuclear compartments. Some of these compartments are dynamic structures; indeed, protein and RNA-protein components can cycle between different domains. This is particularly evident for RNA processing components. In plants, lack of tools has hampered studies on nuclear compartmentalisation and dynamics of RNA processing components. Here, we show that transient expression of fluorescent protein fusions of U1 and U2 snRNP-specific proteins U1-70K, U2B", and U2A’, nucleolar proteins Nop10 and PRH75, and SR proteins in plant protoplasts results in their correct localization; furthermore, snRNP-specific proteins were also correctly assembled into mature snRNPs. This system allowed a systematic analysis of the cellular localization of Arabidopsis SR proteins, which, like their animal counterparts, localize to speckles but not to nucleoli and Cajal bodies. Finally, markers for three different nuclear compartments, namely nucleoli, Cajal bodies, and speckles, have been established and were shown to be applicable for colocalization studies in living plant protoplasts. Thus, transient expression of proteins tagged with four different fluorescent proteins is a suitable system for studying the nuclear organization of spliceosomal proteins in living plant cells, and should therefore allow studies of their dynamics as well.
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