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A more recent version of this article appeared on April 1, 2005
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Submitted on March 15, 2004
Revised on January 6, 2005
Accepted on January 21, 2005
Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
Monitoring Editor: Jean Gruenberg
MARCH (membrane-associated RING-CH) is a recently identified member of the mammalian E3 ubiquitin ligase family, some members of which down-regulate the expression of immune recognition molecules. Here we have identified MARCH-II, which is ubiquitously expressed and localized to endosomal vesicles and the plasma membrane. Immunoprecipitation and in vitro binding studies established that MARCH-II directly associates with syntaxin 6. Overexpression of MARCH-II resulted in redistribution of syntaxin 6 as well as some syntaxin-6-interacting soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) into the MARCH-II-positive vesicles. In addition, the retrograde transport of TGN38 and a chimeric version of furin to trans-Golgi network (TGN) was perturbed--without affecting the endocytic degradative and biosynthetic secretory pathways--similar to effects caused by a syntaxin 6 mutant lacking the transmembrane domain. MARCH-II overexpression markedly reduced the cell-surface expression of transferrin (Tf) receptor (TfR) and Tf uptake, and interfered with delivery of internalized Tf to perinuclear recycling endosomes. Depletion of MARCH-II by small interfering RNA (siRNA) perturbed the TGN localization of syntaxin 6 and TGN38/46. MARCH-II is thus likely a regulator of trafficking between the TGN and endosomes, which is a novel function for the MARCH family.
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